What is encryption? Explain types of Encryption with alogorithm

Encryption :

Encryption is a way of scrambling data so that only authorized parties can understand the information. In technical terms, it is the process of converting plaintext to ciphertext. In simpler terms, encryption takes readable data and alters it so that it appears random. Encryption requires the use of an encryption key: a set of mathematical values that both the sender and the recipient of an encrypted message know.

Encryption is the method by which information is converted into secret code that hides the information's true meaning. The science of encrypting and decrypting information is called cryptography.

What are the different types of encryption?

There are two main kinds of encryption are symmetric encryption and asymmetric encryption.

Asymmetric encryption is also known as public key encryption.

In symmetric encryption, there is only one key, and all communicating parties use the same key for encryption and decryption. In asymmetric, or public key, encryption, there are two keys: one key is used for encryption, and a different key is used for decryption. Either key can be used for either action, but data encrypted with the first key can only be decrypted with the second key, and vice versa. One key is kept private, while one key is shared publicly, for anyone to use – hence the "public key" name. Asymmetric encryption is a foundational technology for SSL (TLS).

Symmetric Encryption

• It only requires a single key for both encryption and decryption.
  

• The size of cipher text is same or smaller than the original plain text.
  

• The encryption process is very fast.
  

• It is used when a large amount of data is required to transfer.
  

• It only provides confidentiality.
  

• Examples: 3DES, AES, DES and RC4
  

• In symmetric key encryption, resource utilization is low as compared to asymmetric key encryption.

Asymmetric Encryption

• It requires two key one to encrypt and the other one to decrypt.
  

• The size of cipher text is same or larger than the original plain text.
  

• The encryption process is slow.
  

• It is used to transfer small amount of data.
  

• It provides confidentiality, authenticity and non-repudiation.
  

• Examples: Diffie-Hellman, ECC, El Gamal, DSA and RSA
  

• In asymmetric key encryption, resource utilization is high.

What is an encryption algorithm?

An encryption algorithm is the mathematical formula used to transform data into ciphertext. An algorithm will use the key in order to alter the data in a predictable way, so that even though the encrypted data will appear random, it can be turned back into plaintext by using the key again.