netwyman

The   TCP/IP   Network Interface layer formats IP datagrams at the Network layer into packets that specific network technologies can understand and transmit. A network interface is the network-specific software that communicates with the network-specific device driver and the IP layer in order to provide the IP layer with a consistent interface to all network adapters that might be present. The IP layer selects the appropriate network interface based on the destination address of the packet to be transmitted. Each network interface has a network address. The Network Interface layer is responsible for adding or removing any link layer protocol header required to deliver a message to its destination. The   network adapter   device driver controls the network adapter card. Although not required, a network interface is usually associated with a network adapter. For instance, the loopback interface has no network adapter associated with it. A machine must have one network ada

A   socket   is one endpoint of a   two way   communication link between two programs running on the network. The socket mechanism provides a means of inter-process communication (IPC) by establishing named contact points between which the communication take place. Like ‘Pipe’ is used to create pipes and sockets is created using   ‘socket’   system call. The socket provides bidirectional   FIFO   Communication facility over the network. A socket connecting to the network is created at each end of the communication. Each socket has a specific address. This address is composed of an IP address and a port number. Socket are generally employed in client server applications. The server creates a socket, attaches it to a network port addresses then waits for the client to contact it. The client creates a socket and then attempts to connect to the server socket. When the connection is established, transfer of data takes place. Types of Sockets : There are two types of Sockets: