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What is DDNS in Application Layer? Explain with advanatages and disadvantages


DNS (Domain Name System) was designed, nobody expected that there would be so many address changes such as adding a new host, removing a host, or changing an IP address. When there is a change, the change must be made to the DNS master file which needs a lot of manual updating and it must be updated dynamically.


DDNS


DDNS stands for Dynamic Domain Name System.




It is a method of automatically updating a name server in the Domain Name Server (DNS), often in real-time, with the active DDNS configuration of its configured hostnames, addresses, or other information. In DDNS, when a binding between a name and an address is determined, the information is sent, usually by DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) to a primary DNS server.


Dynamic DNS (DDNS or DynDNS) is a mechanism by which the name server in the Domain Name System (DNS) is automatically updated with the custom domain name and the ever-changing IP addresses. The DNS method is helpful in the case of dynamic IP addresses, where the IP address is mapped to a custom domain that changes frequently.



The primary server updates the zone. The secondary servers are notified either actively or passively. Inactive notification, the primary server sends a message to secondary servers, whereas, in the passive notification, the secondary servers periodically check for any changes. In either case, after being notified about the change, the secondary requests information about the entire zone (zone transfer).


DDNS can use an authentication mechanism to provide security and prevent unauthorized changes in DNS records.


Advantages :


  • It saves time required by static addresses updates manually when network configuration changes.


  • It saves space as the number of addresses are used as required at one time rather than using one for all the possible users of the IP address.


  • It is very comfortable for users point of view as any IP address changes will not affect any of their activities.


  • It does not affect accessibility as changed IP addresses are configured automatically against URL’s.


Disadvantages :


  • It is less reliable due to lack of static IP addresses and domain name mappings.


  • Dynamic DNS services alone can not make any guarantee about the device you are attempting to connect is actually your own.


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